Plaster slurry is poured onto patern halves, allowed to set, then mold is removed from pattern, baked, assembled, and metal is poured into resultant cavity. Molds broken to remove castings.

Metal mold makes wax or plastic replica. These are sprued then surrounded with investment material, baked out, and metal poured in resultant. Molds broken to remove castings.

Tempered sand is packed onto wood or metal pattern halves, removed from pattern, assembled with or without cores, and metal is poured into resultant cavities. Various core materials can be used. Molds broken to remove castings. Specialized Binders now in use can improve tolerances and surface finish.